AG真人

AG真人neirongtiyao: xizangzizhiquchenglihou，zangchuanfojiaofashenglemingxiandebianhua。zuizhongyaodebianhuajiushizongjiaoxinyangziyoudedaoluoshi，xinyangchengweigerensishijihaiyuanlezongjiaodechunjiexing；qicishizongjiaolajinyushisushenghuodejuli，danhualezangchuanfojiaodeshenshengxing，zengqianglezangchuanfojiaodeshisuxinghexiandaixing。renleishehuisuizhekexuedefazhan，guanyuchaozirandesixiangyibeishisudelunlisuoqudai，yijiyouchaozirancunzaideyouyiganshezhipeishijiandeguannianyibeilixingdejixiedeyinguoguannianqudai。zangchuanfojiao50nianlaidebianhuazhongtixianchuxinyangyulixingdeqiaomiaojiehe。

guanjianci: zangchuanfojiao；xinyangziyouzhengce；shisuhua；aiguozhuyichuantong

AG真人zangchuanfojiaoshixizanggezuqunzhongdezhuyaoxinyang，jujinyiyouyiqianduoniandelishi。ruguoshuoxizangdeminzhugaigefeichulezongjiaotequanhefengjianboxue，shixianlezhengjiaofenli。neime1965nian9yuexizangzizhiqudezhengshichengli，biaozhizhexizangminzuzongjiaogongzuodexindeqihang，zongjiaozhengceyuzangchuanfojiaogongzuoquyuchengshu，zhujianburuzhenggui。keyikendingdishuo,xizangzizhiqudanshenghou，shenghuozaixinxizangderenmincaizhenzhengxiangyoulezongjiaoxinyangziyou。zaidangdezongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengcexia，50nianlai，xizanggezuqunzhongchongfenxiangyouxinyangzangchuanfojiaohecanyugezhongzongjiaofoshihuodongdeziyou，xinyangyubuxinyangzongjiaochengweigongmingerensishi；zangchuanfojiaoxinyangxingshi、sengrenxuexiyushenghuoyijixintudesixiangguanniandengyezaixinxizangfazhanhekaifangdefenweixiafashenglebianhua，xinyangzhongtouchulixingdesisuoyugexin。

yi、 zongjiaoxinyangziyoudeyishixian

1966nian2yue24ri，xizangzizhiquzhidingle“guanyuguanchezhixingzongjiaozhengcederuoganjutiguiding”，guidingzhongshenlejianchiguanchezhixing“zhengzhitongyi，zhengjiaofenli”hedangdezongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengcedefangzhen，duixinjiaoqunzhongdezongjiaoxinyanghesimiaodezongjiaohuodongzuolexiangxishuoming，biaominglexinshengdezizhiquzhengfuguanchedangdezongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengcedetaiduyujuexin。zaixizangzheiyibeizongjiaolongzhaoqianniandegaoyuanshang，saxialezongjiaoxinyangziyouyishidezhongzi。

zaijiuxizangdifangfadianzhong，zhiyouzangchuanfojiaoshiweiyiyinggaibeixinfengbingtuixingde，qitarenhebutongleixingdezongjiaojunbudebeichongbaihexinyang。liru，jiuxizang《shiliufadian》disantiaoguiding: “anzhaodawangzhilingsuopaiqianzhidifangguanli……qimudejiweiyifushihexinfengfofaweizhu，bugaijiaopaizhiguan，bugaixintazong。”《shisanfadian》diyitiaozhi“jingmianguowanglv”yeyouleisiguiding: “fanrengongzhizhe……jinlixiaozhongyulidaidixi、fawangchuanchengweituixingfofadegongye，bugaitongpaizhiguan，buchongxinyijiao。”zheixiedoushuomingjiuxizangdifangfadianzaizongjiaoxinyangfangmianjuyoumingxiandeqiangpoxing。

duixinyangzangchuanfojiaodeputongqunzhonglaishuo，yemeiyouzhenzhengziyoukeyan。yishiqiangzhenglama，liruzhebangsizaiqizhuangyuanzhongguidingleyizhongmingjiao"zhacha"dezhidu，guiding3renchou1ren，lundaosheidetoushang，buguanyuanyiyufou，bixuxuefaweiseng。ershiyouxieyuanyidanglamaderen，youyuqicongshidezhiyezaishehuishangshoudaoqishi，rutiejiang、tufudeng，yinerbeijuzhimenwai。sanshiyouyudangshicunzaiqishifunvdexianxiang，nvxingbeishiweibujiezhiwu，xuduosiyuanjinzhifunvjinrumouxiediantang。ciwai，xinjiaoqunzhonghaiyaoweisiyuanfudangezhonggeyangdefanzhonglaoyi，zhifumingmufanduodewulachayi。zailasadaqiyuanfahuiqijian，zhebangsitiebanglamamenjieguanlasashiqu，fushuidezhongdanyeluodaolasajuminshenshang。tiebanglamamenchengjiliancai，tamenzhengshoulvshui、goushui、maoshui、jishui、huapenshui、xiangyanshui、biyanshui、shuijingshui、chitangshui，shenzhinvrenyouliangtiaobianziyeyaochoushui。“xiangkemenbixufunianjingshui，bingweizailinkazhouweijinxingchaobaifushui。”danshi，zi1959niankaishiduixizangzongjiaojinxingminzhugaige，lishiwunianhou，zaizizhiquzhengfuchenglishi，bujinquanmianguanchezhixingledangdezongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengce，erqiexiangguanfaguiyededaolefengfuyufazhan。

xizangzizhiquzhengfuchenglihou，zaichongfenkaolvdaolezongjiaoduixizangrenminshenghuozhongdeshenyuanyingxiang，zhidinglezhizaibaohuzhengchangdezongjiaohuodong，baohuzongjiaojiehefaquanyidezhengce。1966nian3yue，xizangzizhiqubanbule《simiaominzhuguanlizhangchengshixingfangan》，mingqueguiding: shixing“zhengzhitongyi、xinjiaoziyou、zhengjiaofenli”hegejiaopaizaizongjiaoshang“gexingqishi、hubuganshe”defangzhen，chongfenbaozhanglezhusisengnidegongminquanli，xinjiao、buxinjiaodegerenziyoutongyangdedaolezunzhonghebaohu，gejiaopaizaizhengzhishangbuzaishouqishi，yilvpingdeng，weigejiaopaideyiqiezhengchangdezongjiaohuodongkaizhanyingzaolelianghaodehuanjing，simiaodelishiwenwuhezongjiaowenhuadianjidedaoleyouxiaobaohu。wenhuafagemingqijianminzuzongjiaozhengcecengyiduweinengdedaozhengqueguanche，jixizangdezongjiaohezongjiaogongzuozaochenglejidapohuai。danyaokandao，zheichanghaojieshiquanguoxingde，shiniandongluanjizhenggeguojiaherenmindouzaochenglewufaguliangdesunshi，xizangzongjiaodangranyebukenengxingmian。danqilishijiaoxunjiqishenke，weihoulaigenghaodikaizhanzongjiaogongzuozhiminglefangxiang。

AG真人gaigekaifanghou，zongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengcezaixizangdedaoquanmian、shenrudeguanche。1980nian11yue24ri，《zhonggongxizangzizhiquweiyuanhuiguanyujinyibuquanmianguanchedangdezongjiaozhengcedezhishi》xiafa，kaishijinyibuluoshidangdezongjiaozhengce，zhongshenleshixingzongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengcedezhongyaoxing。1981nianxiafade《guanyuquanmianguanchedangdezongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengcehejiaqiangduizongjiaohuodongguanlideyijian》zaizhongshenleshangshuzhishidejichushang，zhichuyaojianchishixing《xianfa》suoguidingdezongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengce。qiangdiaozongjiaoxinyangziyoushizhongguoxianfafuyugongmindeyixiangjibenquanli。chu《xianfa》wai，zaiguojiade《xingfa》《minfatongze》《minzuquyuzizhifa》《bingyifa》《yiwujiaoyufa》《jiaoyufa》《renmindaibiaodahuixuanjufa》《cunminweiyuanhuizuzhifa》《laodongfa》《guanggaofa》dengfalvzhong，douyouguanyubaohugongminzongjiaoxinyangziyou，budeqishixinjiaoyubuxinzongjiaogongmindexiangyingtiaokuan。weijinyibubaozhanggongminzongjiaoxinyangziyou，weihuzongjiaohemuyushehuihexie，genjuguojia《zongjiaoshiwutiaoli》dejingshen，zizhiquzhidingchutaile《xizangzizhiquzangchuanfojiaoshiwutiaoli》。

xianfahefalvzhongyouguanbaohugongminzongjiaoxinyangziyouquanlideguidingzaixizangdedaorenzhendeguanchezhixing。muqian，xizangyougeleizongjiaohuodongchangsuo１７８０yuchu，sengni４．６wanduoren，gezhongzongjiaohuodongzhengchangjinxing，renmendexinyangdedaozunzhongyubaohu。

er、 yushehuizhuyishehuixiangshiyingzhongshixianshisuhua

xizangzizhiquchenglihou，danghezhengfuzairenzhenluoshizongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengcedejichushangtichujijiyindaozongjiaoyushehuizhuyishehuixiangshiying。1982nianzhonggongzhongyangxiangquandangyinfale《guanyuagzhenrenguoshehuizhuyishiqizongjiaowentidejibenguandianhejibenzhengce》（19haowen）zheiyizhongyaowenjian，suihou“xiangshiying”delunduanzhujianwanshan、chengshu。1993nian11yue7ri，jiangzemintongzhizaiquanguotongzhangongzuohuiyishangzhengshitichu“xiangshiying”lunduan，zhichu，zongjiaoyaoshihehuofuheshehuizhuyishehuidexuyao。yifangmian，danghezhengfujianchiguanchezongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengce；lingyifangmian，zongjiaojieyaozunjishoufa，jijitourushehuizhuyishehuiagzhenrenzhong。“xiangshiying”shiquanmiande，baokuozhengzhishang、jingjishanghesixiangwenhuashang，yijiruhewajuezongjiaojiaoyi，tebieshizongjiaodaodezhongdejijiyinsu，yishiyingshehuizhuyishehui。yizhiyilai，zangchuanfojiaoyushehuizhuyishehuixiangshiyingdegongzuobuduanqudexinjinzhan。zaizhengzhi、jingjihewenhuadengfangmiandexiangshiying，yijingjibenshixian。quanguozangchuanfojiaojiededaduoshusenglvhexinyangqunzhongshijianchizhongguogongchandangdelingdaoheweihushehuizhuyizhidude，bingjijitouruagzhenrenguoshehuizhuyijingjiagzhenrendangzhong。henduosiyuandingqijuxingaiguozhuyijiaoyu，zijuedizhipohuaizuguotongyi、minzutuanjiedesixiang。zaijingjifangmiandabufensiyuanyijingshixianleyisiyangsi，shenzhibanqileyanglaoyuan、gueryuandengfulijigou。zaiyudaoyixieziranzaihaishi，jijicanyujuanzhuhuodong。bujinjianqingguojiaherenmendefudan，haichengweicujinshehuituanjiedeyizhizhongyaoliliang。

yucitongshi，zaidanghezhengfudeyindaoxiazangchuanfojiaozishendeguannianhetizhidengyefashenglebianhua，gaigebushiyingshehuifazhandejiaoguijiaoyiyijiaqiangshisuhuajincheng。zhuzhangyushigejue、qingshishisushenghuoyiyi、qianghuafoguotiantangcunzai、dishixinshengshiwudengchenjiusixiangguannianyesuizhedangjinshehuidefazhanfashenggaibian。weiyouyushehuizhuyijingshenwenmingxiangshiying，yushehuizhuyihexinjiazhijieguicainengshizangchuanfojiaoxintuyushijujin，xinyangbenshencainengyoushengji。mouzhongyiyishang，shisuhuayeshiyizhongxiandaihuaguocheng。

（yi）guanlijigouyuzhidudebianqian

1965nianxizangzizhiquzhengfudansheng，biaozhizhezhengjiaoheyizhidudequanmianfeichu，shixingzhengjiaofenli，zongjiaobudeganshexingzheng、sifa、jiaoyudengfeizongjiaolingyu，bingquxiaolexizanggegesiyuanzhijiandeshangxialishuguanxi，meizuosiyuanneibucaiqudulizizhudeminzhuguanli。1966nian3yue5ri，xizangzizhiqurendachangweihuitaoluntongguolexinde《simiaominzhuguanlizhangchengshixingfangan》，zheiyiyingxiangshenyuandewenjian。taduizangchuanfojiaosimiaodezuzhi、jigouzhidudengfangfangmianmiandouzuolexiangxideguiding，duixiandaizangqusimiaozhiduyousuzaoxingdeyingxiang。gaizhangchengguidingzaisiyuanzhongjianliminzhuguanliweiyuanhui，duisiyuanjinxingminzhuguanli。shouxianzaiguanlizhidushangfeichuleguoqujuyoushangxialishuguanxidejiutizhi，ji“kanbufuzezhi”，shelilexindeminzhuguanlizhidu，jisiyuanminzhuguanliweiyuanhui；qici，zaisiyuanneibujingjianjigou，ruhebingsiyuanzhacang(xueyuan)hedingbiansengrenshuliang，yijizhiding18suiyixiabunengchujiaweisengnidezhengce，congerniuzhuanleguoqusiyuanwuxianzhifazhansengrendejumian；qisan，zaixindesiyuanjizhizhongbaoliuleguoqubijiaohelidezuzhixingshi，ruzaisiyuanliyiranbaoliulekanbu、wengzehegeguidengchuantongsengzhi，bingzaisiyuanguanliweiyuanhuidetongyilingdaoxiazaisiyuanjiaoyuhezongjiaoyiguifangmianfahuitamendezhuanyetezhanghuojijizuoyong。 keyishuo，zheiyixiliezhongdazhidubiangebujinweigegesiyuanjinkuaishiyingxinshengdezizhiqudaxialejianshidetizhijichu，erqieweizangchuanfojiaokaipilezaixinshijidefazhantujing。

AG真人xianrujinzangchuanfojiaosiyuanzaineibutizhishangfashengjudabiange，yishiguanli，jipaizhuganbudaosiyuandexingshijiaqiangsimiaodeguanli；ershiagzhenren，daliagzhenrensiyuandejichusheshi，shisanshiduoniangaigekaifangdechengguohuijizhiguangdasiyuan；sanshi，wanshan、jianquanshejizongjiaohesiyuandexiangguanfagui，jinkenengshisuoyouzongjiaoshiwuzuodaoyoufakeyi、youzhangkexun。xizangdangweihezhengfubashehuizhililinianyinrusimiaosengnijiaoyuguanliagzhenrenlingyu，basimiaozuoweijibendeshehuixibaoheshehuidanyuan，baguangdasengnizuoweiputonggongmin，zaiquanqusimiaoquanmianshishileshehuiguanlihegongwuagzhenrenquanfugai。shidezaisisengnidezuguoyishi、falvyishi、gongminyishibuduanzengqiang，shixianlezongjiaohemu，foshiheshun，simiaohexie。

（er）foxuejiaoyudebianhua

xindezhiduxiazangchuanfojiaojiaoyubianhuadezhuyaotedianshizengqiangshisuzhishidexuexi，shiyingshidaidefazhan。jiudefoxuejiaoyu，yishenghaoshouqiongjing，xuexi“wubudalun”weizhudexianmijinglun。jingguo50niandegexinyuyanbian，xianrujinsengrenmenchulexuexifojiaojingdianzhiwai，haiyaoxuexizhongguolishi、shijielishihexiandaikexuezhishi，xuexiguojiadezhengcefagui，lejieguojiadezhengzhijingjixingshiheguojidashi。1987niankaibandezhongguozangyuxigaojifoxueyuan，duipeiyanggaojihuofohesengrendefangshijinxinglelishixingdegaige，caiquxiandaiyuchuantongxiangjiehedebanfa。zhaoshoudexueyuanbulunjiaopai、minzu、diqu，renjiaodegaosenghuofoyelaizibutongdejiaopai、minzuhediqu。fojiaojiaoyucaiyonglexiandaidejiaoxuefangshi，zengjialeshisuzhishi。2011nianxizangfoxueyuanluochengyunxing，xizangfoxuejiaoyujinyibuquxiangduoyuanhua——sineixuexi、siwaixuexijifoxueyuandexuexidengfangshibingcun。chuantongzangchuanfojiaofoxuejiaoyubushanxuexi“xiaowuming”，yinqizhuyaoshishisudexuewen，youqishishixue。xianzaisengrenmenbujinxuexichuantongdeshisukemu，haiyaoxuexixiandaizhishi。shishibanshandashicengduizhashenlunbusiminguanhuifuzerenshuo: “lamabuguangyaonianhaojing，haiyaozhidaoxieguojiadashi，yaoguanxinzhengzhi。siyuankeyimaiyibudianshiji，duorangdajiakankanxinwen，zheiduizongjiaoyeyouyichu。”zhashenlunbusideqingnianlamanimasangbu，baitiankuxuefojing，yelixuexihanyuheyingyu，zhangwozang、han、ying3zhongyuyan。tashuo: “ruguoyiweizhuiqiuxiangshou，bujiaqiangkuxiu，neiqueshihuishizongjiaotuifei。danshi，bujieshouxiandaihua，chizaohuibeishehuitaotai。”weiletigaoxuexifojinghexiangguanzhishidexiaolv，shiyingshidaidefazhan，sengrenpubiangouzhilediannaoshebei。

（san）sengrenshenghuodebianhua

AG真人jishinianlai，sengrendeyishizhuxingyusurendejulilajin，shisushenghuozaihuofohelamadeshenghuozhongsuozhandebizhongzengda。jinru90niandai，sengrenshenghuofangshideshisusecaigengjianonghou。chuanzheyushenghuoyongpingengjiejinshisu，yixiehuofopingrizhichuanbianfu，zhiyouzaijuxingfoshihuodongshicaichuanjiasha。gezhongdianqijinrusiyuan，weisengrenmendeshenghuodailaileshubujindefangbian。shehuidexiandaihuashisengrendexuejinghexiuliandehuanjingfashenglejudabianhua，fengfulesengrendeyeyushenghuo，yetuokuanlelejieshisushehuidetujing。baozhi、shouluji、caidianjidiannaodengjinrusiyuanhou，shoudaosengrenpubianhuanying。

xizangjingjishehuifeisufazhan，renminwuzhishenghuoriyifengfu。shenghuoxiangduiqingpindesengrendeyishizhuxinghejichusheshidegaibianyeshilishifazhandebiranqushi。yinci，henduosiyuanyexinzengleyixiesigui，rusengrenbuzhunjinchaguan、fandian、wutinghedianyingyuan，chusiyaoqingjia，bunengsuibianzaisiwaiguoyedeng。zhengruyoudelamasuoshuo，renhexiangshouheshechi，duizongjiaodoushiyizhongzuinie。yinci，zaishisuhuadeshehuihuanjingzhong，yaojingshouzhuyouhuo，anyuzuoqingpinkuxingdesengren，chuleqianchengdexinyangzhiwai，haixuyaojuyouchaorendeyili。

（si）siyuangongnengdegaibian

AG真人xizangzizhiquchengliyihou，tebieshigaigekaifangyilai，siyuandechuantonggongnengzhujiangaibian。weiyuchengzhensiyuandezongjiaogongnengzhujianyoucongqiandejiangjingchuanfahewenhuajiaoyugongnengxiangrenwen（lvyou）gongnengzhuanbian。zongjiaojieqingyufahuidaiyoushisudesecai。youyushoudaoxiandaiwenmingdeqiangliechongji，siyuandelvyou、wenhuaheminsudenggongnengzhujianzengqiang。ru，dazhaosi、sandasijibudalagongdengmeinianjiedaishangwanyouke，yichengweilasalvyouyedezhongyaopinpai。

siyuanyechengweizhongyaodewenwubaohudanwei。zaozai1965nianzizhiquchenglizhishi，wenwuguanliweiyuanhuiyisuijidansheng，quedinglebudalagong、zhebangsi、sajiasi、selasideng22chuweiquanguohuozizhiqudezhongdianwenwubaohudanwei。50nianlaiguojiahezizhiqutoujuziduixizanggedasiyuanjinxingleduocixiushangongzuo，zongjiaohuodonghezongjiaowenwudedaobaohu，shizaizizhiquchengliyilaizhengqueguanchedangdezongjiaoxinyangziyouzhengcedejieguo。

san、 jichenghefayangaiguozhuyichuantong

AG真人congfojiaojiaoyilaijiang，aiguoaijiaoshishifayuchushifayuanrongdewenti。《dachengbenshengxindiguanjing》shuo: fomendiziyaoshangbao“sien”，qizhongbaokuo“guojiaen”he“sanbaoen”，baoguojiaenjiushiaiguo，baosanbaoenjiushiaijiao。zaimanzhangdelishifazhanguochengzhong，zangchuanfojiaoxingchengleyouliangdeaiguozhuyichuantong。zheizhongaiguozhuyideguangrongchuantonghechonggaojingshenzhijinyiranhuanfazheshengji，bingjilizhedangdaizangchuanfojiaojiedeyoushizhishi。

zangchuanfojiaolidaigaosengdade，weizhengquheweihuzuguotongyizuochulezhongyaodegongxian。１３shijizhongyekeyishuoshizangchuanfojiaojieaiguozhuyichuantongxingchenghezaoqifazhandeshiqi。chuxianleyigeyisajiabanzhidahebasibabozhiweidaibiaodeaiguoaijiaoderenwuqunti，qizhongbaokuoyuanchaolidaidishihebenqin、pazhugajupaidelingxiujiangqujianzan、gajujiaopaidelidaihuofo、sajiajiaopaidedachengfawang、gelujiaopaidedacifawangyijichanhuawang、fujiaowang、chanjiaowang、hujiaowang、zanshanwang，yijihoulaidediwushidalailamahedisishibanshaneerdenidenggaosengdade。

AG真人dizhiwailaiqinlve，weihuguojiazhuquan，shizangchuanfojiaodeaiguozhuyichuantong。gongyuan１６shijimo，putaoya、faguoheyingguozhiminzhuyizhezaiyindujianlilezhiminjudianzhihou，jiangzhiminchujiaoshenxiangxizang。zaizheizhongxingshixia，zangchuanfojiaojiedeaiguozhuyichuantongzhuyaobiaoxianzaifanduiwailaiqinlve、weihuzuguotongyihezhuquanwanzhengshang。zheishiqi，xianhouyongxianchuxuduoaiguodezangchuanfojiaojierenshi，jiaoyoudaibiaoxingderenwuyoudisi、wu、liu、qishibanshaneerdeni，diwu、qi、bashidalailama，yijishezhengwangdimuhutuketu、cemolinhutuketu、rezhenhutuketudengzhumingdeaiguohuofo。１８８８nianhe１９０４nianyingdiguozhuyizhefadongdeliangciwuzhuangqinlvexizangdezhanzheng，xizangsenglvminzhongdoujinxingleyingyongdikang，jiqinlvezheyichenzhongdedaji。

AG真人fanduifenlie，hanweizuguolingtuwanzheng，yeshizangchuanfojiaodeaiguozhuyichuantongzhiyi。cong１９shijimozhi２０shijichu，zangchuanfojiaojiedeaiguozhuyichuantongjinruxindefazhanshiqi。zaizheiyishiqi，jianchiweihuzuguotongyi，fanduineibufenliezuguodeshili，shizangchuanfojiaojierenshifayangaiguozhuyijingshendejizhongbiaoxian。qidaibiaorenwuyoudishisanshidalailama、dijiushibanshaneerdeni、diliushirezhenhuofo、gedahuofo、dishiyishipabalahutuketudengyidapizangchuanfojiaojiedeaiguorenshi。

xizangzizhiquchenglihou，zangchuanfojiaobuzaishifengjiannongnuzhujiejiliyongdegongju。zangchuanfojiaojieaiguorenshiyonghudangdelingdao，yonghushehuizhuyizhidu，chengweiaiguotongyizhanxiandezhongyaozuchengbufen。

shishibanshandashijijizanchenghezhuzhangzongjiaogaige，tamingquetichu“xianfajinsimiao”dezhuzhang，houlaishoudaozhongyangdekendinghecaina，chengweizhidaoxizangsimiaominzhugaigedezongfangzhen，duixizangsimiaodeminzhugaigechanshengleshenyuandeyingxiang。tazhimingzangchuanfojiaoruhequshiyingshehuizhuyishehuidefazhan，kaipilezangchuanfojiaoshisuhuayuxiandaihuadedaolu。zaishishibanshandashidehaozhaoxia，agzhenrenqugedasimiaotongguojiaqiangminzhuguanli,bujinnengjuxingzhengchangdezongjiaofoshihuodong,erqiezuzhiguangdasengnicongshilisuonengjideshengchanlaodong,xingbanyinshiagzhenrenye,jingyingyunshuagzhenrenyedeng，zoushangle“yisiyangsi”dejiankangfazhanmoshi。zangchuanfojiaoyushehuizhuyishehuixiangshiyingdegongzuobuduanqudexindejinzhan。quanguozangchuanfojiaojiededaduoshusenglvjianchizhongguogongchandangdelingdaoheweihushehuizhuyizhidu，bingjijitouruagzhenrenguoshehuizhuyijingjiagzhenrendangzhong。henduosiyuandingqijuxingaiguozhuyijiaoyu，zijuedizhipohuaizuguotongyi、minzutuanjiedesixiang。zaijingjifangmiandabufensiyuanyijingshixianyisiyangsi，shenzhibanqileyanglaoyuan、gueryuandengfulijigou。zaiyudaoyixieziranzaihaishi，jijicanyujuanzhuhuodong。bujinjianqingguojiaherenmendefudan，haichengweicujinshehuituanjiedeyizhizhongyaoliliang。zaishehuizhuyixiandaihuaagzhenrendeweidashiyezhong，qitazhongduozangchuanfojiaohuofohegaosengyefahuilejijidezuoyong，rujianchiaiguoaijiao，jijituidongzongjiaoyushehuizhuyishehuixiangshiyingdejiamuyanghuofo、zhukanghuofo，xiezhuzhengfujiejuebianjiehecaoshanjiufendegongtangcanghuofo，yijizaixizangjiaoyulingyuzuochuguogongxiandedonggahuofo、caidanxiaronghuofodeng。zaiweifayangzangchuanfojiaoaiguozhuyichuantongerzuochugongxiandezongjiaojierenshizhong，jiyouzangchuanfojiaodegaosengdade，yeyouputongdesengni。wulunhezhongbeijingyuxingshixia，tamenshizhongjianchiaiguozhuyijiandingxinnian，baaijiaxiang、aiminzu、aizongjiaoheaizuguotongyiqilai，tixianlezangchuanfojiaoaijiaoaiguodeyouliangchuantong。zaiweihuzuguotongyi，jiaqiangminzutuanjie，goujianshehuizhuyihexieshehuideweidashiyezhong，aiguozhuyichuantongjishidangdaizangchuanfojiaoguangdaxinjiaoqunzhongdeqiangdajingshenzhizhu，yeshizhonghuaminzuaiguozhuyichuantongdezhongyaozuchengbufen，jiangjinyibufajue、jichenghehongyang。

fofayuanbenshiyuanchurenjianbingyaoliyirenjiande，yingyishixianrenjianjingtuweijiren。zaoqidefojiaojingdian《zengyiahanjing》shuo: “zhufoshizun，jiechurenjian”，jieshilefotuozhongshirenjiandegenbenjingshen。《liuzutanjing》yeshuo: “fofazaishijian，bulishijianjue，lishimiputi，qiaruqiulujiao”，chanminglefofayushijianbukefenlideguanxi。xizangzizhiquchengli50nianli，zangchuanfojiaofashenglemingxiandebianhua。zuizhongyaodebianhuajiushizongjiaoxinyangchengweigerensishi，jihaiyuanlezongjiaodechunjiexing；qiciweilajinyushisushenghuodejuli，jidanhualezangchuanfojiaodeshenshengxing，zengqianglezangchuanfojiaodeshisuxinghexiandaixing。faguoshehuixuejiatuerganzhichu，xiandaihuadezhuyaotedianshixiangshisuhuadezhuanbian。zongjiaoshisuhuadebiaoxianshizongjiaoshenshenghuazuoyongdeshuaitui，zongjiaotigongyiyitixizuoyongdeshuaituiyijizongjiaoduirendeyueshulidejianruo。11renleishehuisuizhekexuedefazhan，guanyuchaozirandesixiangyibeishisudelunlisuoqudai，yijiyouchaozirancunzaideyouyiganshezhipeishijiandeguannianyibeilixingdejixiedeyinguoguannianqudai。50nianlaizangchuanfojiaoxinyangbianhuazhongtixiandeshisuhua、xiandaihuayeshixinyangyulixingdeqiaomiaojiehe。

zhushi:

AG真人zhourunnian: 《zhongguozangxue》1994niandi2qi；di32ye

AG真人tanhao、cuijing: 《zhongwaizhuanjia: xinjiuxizangduizongjiaoxinyangziyoubaohu“liangzhongtian”》；xinhuawang；2007-04-22

AG真人chenjinlong: 《lun１９５８－１９６０nianzhongguozongjiaozhidudeminzhugaige》；《shijiezongjiaoyanjiu》2002niandi3qi；di25ye

gazangjia: 《shijiezongjiaoyanjiu》；2007niandi2qi；di61ye

danbalamudeng: 《beijingdezhongguozangyuxigaojifoxueyuan》，《zhongguoxizang》，1992niandi3qi；di3ye

duyongbin: 《zangchuanfojiaoshisuhuaqingxiang》

zhuxiaoming: 《zangchuanfojiaoaiguozhuyijiaoyugongzuoduben》；zhongguozangxuechubanshe；2007nian5yue；di100ye；di125、126ye

duyongbin: 《zangchuanfojiaoshisuhuaqingxiang》