AG真人

dangdeshibadabaogaozhichu，agzhenrenzhongguoteseshehuizhuyi，zongbujushijingjiagzhenren、zhengzhiagzhenren、wenhuaagzhenren、shehuiagzhenrenheshengtaiwenmingagzhenren“wuweiyiti”，bingtichu“nuliagzhenrenmeilizhongguo，shixianzhonghuaminzuyongxufazhan”，zheiyiweizheshengtaiwenmingagzhenrendezhanlvediweigengjiazhongyao、gengjiamingque。zizhiqudangweirenzhenguancheluoshidangdeshibadajingshen，jinmijiehexizangshiji，tichuleagzhenren“meilixizang”dezhanlvebushu，zheijishixizangjiaqiangshengtaiwenmingagzhenrendezhongyaobiaozhi，yeshishixianxizangkuayueshifazhanhekechixufazhandezhongyaobaozhang。

AG真人yi、jianshoushengtaiwenmingheshengtaifazhanlinian

AG真人weiyuqingzanggaoyuandexizang，dishigaojun，diliteshu，yeshengdongzhiwuziyuan、shuiziyuanhekuangchanziyuanfengfu，suyou“shijiewuji”he“diqiudisanji”zhicheng。zheilibujinshinanya、dongnanyadiqude“jiangheyuan”he“shengtaiyuan”，haishizhongguonaizhidongbanqiuqihoude“qidongqi”he“diaojiequ”。tongshi，xizangshengtaihuanjingyoubijiaocuiruo，yincibaohuziranziyuandezaishengnengli，gaishanshengtaihuanjingzhiliang，shixianshengtaixitongliangxingxunhuan，quebaoziranshengtaixitongdewanzhengxingjilianghaodediaojienengli，quebaoshengtaianquanhejingji、shehui、shengtaidehexietongyi、xiediaofazhan，shixizangxiandaihuafazhandezhongyaoneironghekechixufazhandezhanlvexuanze。

hepingjiefang60duonianlai，dangheguojiayizhigaoduzhongshixizangshengtaihuanjingdebaohuyuagzhenren。conghepingjiefangzhichuzhongyangrenminzhengfuzuzhi“zhengwuyuanxizanggongzuodui”duixizangshengtaihuanjingjinxingkaochahepingjia，dao1998nianhe2000nianzhidingde《quanguoshengtaihuanjingagzhenrenguihua》he《quanguoshengtaihuanjingbaohugangyao》jiangqingzanggaoyuandongrongqulieweiquanguobadashengtaiagzhenrenquzhiyi；cong2009nianguowuyuantongguo《xizangshengtaianquanpingzhangbaohuyuagzhenrenguihua（2008-2030nian）》dao2010nianzhongyangdiwucixizanggongzuozuotanhuitichujiangxizangdazaochengzhongyaodeguojiashengtaianquanpingzhang，douchongfentixianledangheguojiaduixizangdeshengtaidiweihehuanjingbaohugongzuodezhongshi。“shiyiwu”qijian，xizangyongyushengtaihuanjingbaohuyuagzhenrendezijinchaoguo100yiyuan。《xizangshengtaianquanpingzhangbaohuyuagzhenrenguihua》jihuatouzi155yiyuan，shishi3dalei10xiangshengtaihuanjingbaohuyuagzhenrengongcheng，dao2030nianjibenjianchengxizangshengtaianquanpingzhang。yiciweibiaozhi，xizangdeshengtaihuanjingyubaohugongzuoburuletongyiguihua、zhengtituijin、baohuyuagzhenrenbingzhongdexinjieduan。jiezhimuqian，yiluoshizijin40.47yiyuan，3dalei10xianggongchengquanmianshishi。

xizangjianshouzunzhongziran、shunyingziran、baohuzirandeshengtaiwenmingheshengtaifazhandelinian，shengtaiagzhenrenhehuanjingbaohushiyesuizhexiandaihuadejinchengbuduanfazhan，henhaodibaohule“shijiewuji”dezheipianbishuilantian。2001nianzhongyangzhaokaidisicixizanggongzuozuotanhuihou，jiadaleduixizangshengtaiagzhenrenhehuanjingbaohudetouzilidu。xizangcongshixiankechixufazhandejiaoduchufa，mingquebafazhanlvyou、lvsenongyedengzuoweituidongdiqujingjizengzhangdezhizhuchanye。dangdeshiqidayihou，genjudangzhongyangguanyuxizangyaozouchuyitiaojuyouzhongguotese、xizangtediandefazhanluzidezhishi，yijiduonianlaiguanyuxizangyaobaohuhaobishuilantian、baohuhaoshengtai，chengdanqizuguoshengtaipingzhangzhongrendeyixiliezhishijingshen，tebieshizhongyangzaishiqidabaogaozhongtichudeshengtaiwenmingdezhongyaolilun，2009nian3yuezizhiqudangweishenzhongjueding，tichuleagzhenren“shengtaixizang”demubiao，yuciqiandemubiaorenwuyiqixingchengle“xiaokangxizang、pinganxizang、hexiexizang、shengtaixizang”demubiaorenwu。

agzhenrenshengtaixizang，shishengtaiwenmingheshengtaifazhanlinianzaixizangxiandaihuaagzhenrenzhongdetixian。bashengtaiwenmingagzhenrenfangzaituchudiwei，rongrushehuizhuyixinxizangjingjiagzhenren、zhengzhiagzhenren、wenhuaagzhenren、shehuiagzhenrengefangmianhequanguocheng，chongfentixianlezizhiqudangwei、zhengfuduirenleiwenmingfazhanzuixinchengguodeshenkerenshihelilunzijue，zheijishijiandingguanchedangzhongyangguanyuxizanggongzuoyixiliezhishijingshendebiaoxian，yeshixizangshehuizhuyixiandaihuaagzhenrenshijidexianshixuyao。weici，agzhenrenyaoyigoujianxizanggaoyuanguojiashengtaianquanpingzhangweihexin，zaiweilai20niannei，zhelidazaoshengtaianquanbaozhang、ziyuankechixuliyong、shengtaijingji、huanjingzhiliangbaozhang、renjuhuanjing、shengtaiwenhua、nenglibaozhangqidatixi，baxizangagzhenrenchengagzhenrenguozhongyaodeshengtaianquanpingzhang。2012nian12yue9ri，zhonggongxizangzizhiqudibajieweiyuanhuidisanciquantihuiyishenruguancheluoshidangdeshibadajingshen，tichujiandingbuyijiaqiangshengtaibaohu，zheliagzhenrenmeilixizang，zheishishengtaixizangmubiaogengyourenwenqinghuaihemeixueyiweidexianshitixian。2013nian1yuezhaokaidexizangzizhiqushijierendayicihuiyitichu，weilai5nian，xizangjiangjixujiadashengtaixizangagzhenrenlidu，jijichangdaoshengtaiwenming，zheligoujianshengtaianquanpingzhang，lizhengbaxizangjianchengshengtaihuanjingyoumei、shengtaijingjifada、shengtaijiayuanshushi、renyuziranhexiexiangchudeshengtaiqiangqu。

图片说明: AG真人西藏的基础设施AG真人和环境保护实现完美结合。

er、yonglvsexiaoyituidongshengtaibaohu

lantian，xueshan，yangguang，bishui……xizangbeiyuweishijieshangzuihouyipian“jingtu”，shiwushurenxinmuzhongde“xianggelila”。erzuoweiguojiashengtaianquanpingzhangdehexinzhiyi，xizangdeshengtaihuanjingbaohugongzuoyizhibeishouguanzhu。2011nian5yue23ri，zaishoudougejiejinianxizanghepingjiefang60zhounianzuotanhuishang，zhonggongzhongyangzhengzhijuchangwei、quanguozhengxiezhuxijiaqinglinfabiaojianghuashizhichu: “xueyugaoyuandebishuilantiandedaohenhaobaohu。”

AG真人xizangjianchiyindaonongmumingaibianchuantongchumufangshi，yonglvsechanyetuidonglvsebaohu，yonglvsexiaoyituidongshengtaibaohu。xizangzizhiquhuanjingbaohutingziliaobiaoming，zi2005niananduoshishicaochangchengbaojingyingzerenzhihetuimuhaicaogongchengshidianxiangmuhou，dangdicaochangzhibeifugaidupingjuntigaole18.21gebaifendian，zhibeigaoduyouxiangmushishiqiande5.72limitigaodao7.64limi。xizangneiqudiquanduoxianmuminjingxidifaxian，jinnianlaizijiamuchanglidecaobiandemaomile，caishangquruanmianmiande，jingrannengmeiguojiaobei。zaipingjunhaiba4500miyishang、gaohanqueyang、changnianguazhedafengdezangbeigaoyuan，zhiwumeizhanggaoyihaomidouhenkunnan，errangdamianjidecaochangpingjunzhanggaojin2limi，bixufuchujianjudenuli。huanbaozhuanjiajieshi，zhisuoyinengqudezheigekansixiweishizejudadechengji，guanjianzaiyutuimuhaicaogongchengbadaliangmucaocongniuyangzuilibaohuxialai，shizhideyixiuyangshengxi。zi2004nianqidongtuimuhaicaogongchengyilai，xizangtouru15yiyuanshishituimuhaicao，mianjida5911wanmu。

dangzangbeigaoyuandemuminjingqidifaxianzijiacaochangdezhibeizhengzai“zhanggao”deshihou，yaluzangbujiangliuyudeshannanherikazeminzhong，yijingganjuedaofengshatianyuelaiyueshaole。jishinianqian，shannan、rikazebeirenweishixizangfengshazuidadelianggedifang。shannanminjianyouzheiyangdeyanyu: “zedangfengshazhidi，xingkuibushiagzhenrenjia；agzhenrendengbuzhucidi，keliandangdirenmen。”jingguoduoniandezhishuzaolin，rujinzaizheilianggediqujianchenglezhangdashangbaigonglideyanyaluzangbujianghenianchuhefanghulintixi，youxiaobaohulexizangrenkouzuiweichoumidehegushangbaiwanmunongtianhecaochang，fengshasinvedetianqimingxiandedaoezhi。shujuxianshi，he30nianqianxiangbi，lasashiheshannandiqudedafengfengshatianqinianjunjianshao32tian，rikazediqudafengfengshatianqinianjunjianshao34tian。

AG真人tuimuhaicao、zhishuzaolinhefangshazhishagongcheng，jinshixizangshengtaiagzhenrenyuhuanjingbaohugongzuodebufenneirong。tongguoduozhongyouxiaodebaohuheagzhenrencuoshideshishi，xizangmuqianyiranshishijieshanghuanjingzhiliangzuihaodediquzhiyi。diaochaxianshi，muqianxizangdeshui、qi、sheng、turang、fusheheshengtaihuanjingzhiliangyizhibaochizailianghaozhuangtai。dabufensenlin、jianghe、hubo、caochang、shidi、bingchuan、xueshanheyeshengdongzhiwudengdoudedaojiaohaobaohu。daduoshuhuborengchuyuyuanshengzhuangtai，weizaoshourenleiyingxiang。tongshi，xizangziranbaohuqudemianjiyijingdadao41.26wanpingfanggongli，zhandaoquanquguotumianjide34.3%，yijianli47geziranbaohuqu。

AG真人xizangzizhiqulinyejudetongjishujuxianshi，jiezhimuqian，xizang80%yishangdezhenxibinweiyeshengdongzhiwujizhongqixidi、156wangongqingdeyuanshisenlin、150wangongqingdezhongyaoshididedaoyouxiaobaohu，90%yishangdeziranshidijiqishengtaixitongjibenbaochizheyuanshengzhuangtai。2009niangongbudequanguodiqicisenlinziyuanlianxuqingchajieguoxianshi，xizangsenlinmianji1462.65wangongqing，juquanguodi5wei；huolimuzongxuji22.73yilifangmi，juquanguodi１wei；senlinfugailv11.91%。yu2005niangongbudediliucisenlinziyuanlianxuqingchajieguoxiangbi，senlinmianjizengjia73.04wangongqing，senlinfugailvtigao0.6gebaifendian。

shengtaibaohudailailvsexiaoyi，lvsexiaoyituidonglvsechanye，sanzheshixianleliangxingxunhuan。2012nianxizangjiedaiguoneiwailvke1058.4wanrenci，shixianlvyouzongshouru126.47yiyuan，fenbiezengzhang21.7%he30.3%，lvyoujiedairencitupoqianwandaguan、lvyouzongshourutupobaiyiyuandaguan，lvyouyededaoxunmengfazhan。jinhouwunian，xizanglvyoukaifajiangyushengtaihuanbaoyoujijiehe，shixianlvyouchanyeyuziyuan、huanjingxiangshiyingdekechixufazhan，nulijianchengshijieyiliugaoyuanshengtaiyuzangwenhuateselvyoumudedi，dao2017nianmozhengqunianjiedaiyoukedadao2000wanrenci，shixianlvyoushouru200yiyuan。

图片说明: AG真人由于生态环境良好，西藏很多地方已经成为多种候鸟的栖息地。

AG真人san、tizhichuangxinhegongzhongcanyudeshuanglunqudong

1965nian9yuexizangzizhiqurenminzhengfuzhengshichengliyihou，shengtaiagzhenrenhehuanjingbaohugongzuobansuizherenminminzhuzhengquangefangmiangongzuodekaizhannaruyishiricheng，dedaotizhihezuzhishangdebaozheng。1975nianxizangzizhiquhuanjingbaohulingdaoxiaozuhebangongshichengli，1983nianzhengshichenglizizhiquchengxiangagzhenrenhuanjingbaohuting，cihou，zuzhijigouheguanlitizhibuduanwanshan，xizangdeshengtaiagzhenrenhehuanjingbaohugongzuozhubuzoushangliangxingfazhanguidao。gaigekaifanghou，xizangdeshengtaiagzhenrenhehuanjingbaohushiyezaifazhihuadeguidaoshangbuduandedaofazhan。zizhiqurendahezhengfubanbushishideshengtaiagzhenrenhehuanjingbaohuleidifangxingfagui、guifanxingwenjian、bumenguizhang30yujian，xingchenglebijiaoxitongdedifangxinghuanjingbaohufaguitixi。

suizhejingjidebuduanfazhan，jixizangdehuanjingbaohugongzuodailaiyidingdeyali。xizangyangezunxun“baohuzhongkaifa，kaifazhongbaohu”deyuanze，tongguoguifankaifaagzhenrenguihuahuanjingyingxiangpingjia、qianghuaagzhenrenxiangmuhuanjingguanli、jiadakuangchanziyuankanchayukaifahuanjingjianguanlidu，quanmianjinzhikaicaishajinkuangheshatiekuangziyuan，zhashituijinwuranjianpai，jiadaduishuineng、kuangchan、lvyoudengzhongdianziyuankaifa、zhongdajichusheshiagzhenrenheshengtaihuanjingzhifajianguanlidu，xizangdehuanjinganquandedaoyouxiaobaozhang。jishishizaiguojiazhongdiangongcheng——qingzangtieluagzhenrenzhong，shengtaihuanbaolinianshizhongguanchuanqizhong。zaiqingzangtieludeagzhenrenguochengzhong，weiyouxiaobaohushengtaihuanjing，zaiquanguoshoucishixingquanxianhuanbaojianguanzhidu，yongyuhuanbaogongchengdetouzizhandaoqingzangtieluzongtouzide4.7%，zheizaizhongguotieluagzhenrenshishangshijuewujinyoude。zaixianluxuanzeshang，qingzangtielujinliangbikaiyeshengdongwuqixi、huodongdezhongdianquyu，tongguoxiujianhandong、suidao、qiaoliangdengcuoshi，zuidachengdudibaozhengtieluyanxianyeshengdongwudezhengchanghuodong。

AG真人jianlijianquanshengtaixiaoyibuchangzhangxiaojizhi，zhubujianliquanmiandeshengtaibuchangzhengce，xingchenglebaohuxizangcuiruoshengtaihuanjinghegonggupingzhanggoujianchengguodezhangxiaojizhi。wunianlai，xizangzaiquanguolvxianqidongbingquanmiantuixingcaoyuanshengtaibaohubuzhujianglijizhi，jianlilesenlinshengtaixiaoyibuchangzhidu，shiquanqu1.5yiduomugongyilinquanbunarubuchangfanwei，shuishengtaibuchangshidianqidong；zaiquanguolvxianqidongshengtaigongnengbaohuquagzhenren，shishi6geguojiajibaohuquguifanhuaagzhenren，xinjian8gezizhiqujishidibaohuqu；tianranlinbaohuerqigongchengshunliqidong，zhishuzaolin390wanmu，fengshanyulin767wanmu。2012nian，zizhiquwanchenglexizangshengtaihuanjingshinianbianhuayaogandiaochayupinggudeyewaidiaochagongzuo，jiangquanmianpingguxizangshengtaianquanpingzhangbaohuyuagzhenrenxiangmuchengxiao，quanmianzhangwoguoqushinianxizangshengtaihuanjingbianhuadetedianheguilv。

shengtaixizangagzhenrenyunongmuqushengchanshenghuotiaojiangaishan、nongmuminzengshoushixianyoujijiehe，nulishixiandagongchengdaidongdafazhan、daxiangmudaidongdafazhan，gulinongmumincanyuxizangshengtaianquanpingzhangagzhenrengongzuo，xingchengquanmincanyushengtaianquanpingzhangdelianghaofenwei，fuminchengxiaomingxian。wunianlai，quanqushengtaibuchangnianjunda35yiyuan，200wannongmuminshouyi；nongmumintongguocanyuzhongdiangongyilinguanhuhelinyegongchengagzhenren，zengjiaxianjinshouruyue21.2yiyuan，changniancanyusenlinguanhudenongmuminjin8.4wanren，renjunnianshouru5400yuan。xizanglinyeguihuadao2015nian，qidongshishixizanghetao、mubenliangyoudengjidiagzhenren、tesejingjilinchanyedengyipixindelinyegongcheng，xinzengrengonglin26wangongqing，senlinfugailvdadao12.11%yishang，senlinxujiliangda22.75yilifangmi，guojiabaohudezhongdiangongyilinmianjida1057.2wangongqing，linyexitongnianzongchanzhida20yiyuanyishang，nianjunweinongmuminzengshou10yiyuanyishang。

liushiduonianlai，zaidangzhongyangdezhongshihequanguorenmindezhichixia，xizanggezurenminjingguonulifendou，bujinshixizangdeshehuimianmaofashenglefantianfudidebianhua，erqiezaishengtaiagzhenrenyuhuanjingbaohufangmianqudelejushizhumudechengjiu。rujindexizang，bujinjingjifazhan、shehuijinbu、wenhuafanrong、renminanjuleye，erqieshanchuanxiumei、heliuqingche，dongwuduoyang、zhiwufanmao，chengweimingfuqishide“xianggelila”。 2013nianshiagzhenrenququanmianguancheluoshidangdeshibadajingshendekaijuzhinian，shishenrushishi“shierwu”guihuachengqianqihoudeguanjianzhinian，zizhiquzhengfujijiangchutai《guanyuagzhenrenmeilixizangdeyijian》。agzhenrenbixuyigoujianxizanggaoyuanguojiashengtaianquanpingzhangweihexin，zhelituijin“meilixizang”agzhenren，agzhenrenziyuanjieyuexing、huanjingyouhaoxingshehui，jijigaishanshengtaihuanjing，dalifazhanshengtaijingji，jijipeiyushengtaiwenhua，weihuzhongyaoshengtaigongneng，baozhangguojiashengtaianquan，shixianxizangjingjishehuiyouhaoyoukuaifazhan。

（发表于《新西藏》2013年第4期）

(wangluobianji: danzenglangda)